Recent developments in cooled mercury cadmium telluride (MCT or HgCdTe) infrared detector technology have made possible the development of high performance infrared cameras for use in a wide variety of demanding thermal imaging applications. These infrared cameras are now available with spectral sensitivity in the shortwave, mid-wave and long-wave spectral bands or alternatively in two bands. In addition, a variety of camera resolutions are available as a result of mid-size and large-size detector arrays and various pixel sizes. Also, camera features now include high frame rate imaging, adjustable exposure time and naked Boobs (www.Camsexr.com) event triggering enabling the capture of temporal thermal events. Sophisticated processing algorithms are available that result in an expanded dynamic range to avoid saturation and optimize sensitivity. These infrared cameras can be calibrated so that the output digital values correspond to object temperatures. Non-uniformity correction algorithms are included that are independent of exposure time. These performance capabilities and camera features enable a wide range of thermal imaging applications that were previously not possible.

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Thermal imaging has become an extremely valuable technology in many industries as a tool to inspect and test different designs and processes. The thermal signatures can be a result of electrical, electro-mechanical, chemical or other causes. Thermal images reveal heat dissipation, thermal conductance, non-uniformities as well as other important diagnostic factors.

As an example, consider the following sequence of images showing the process of mixing a cold fluid to a flask of boiling liquid. If an exposure time was selected based on the full temperature range, the thermal resolution of the cooler objects will be poor. Conversely, if the exposure time is selected to improve the thermal resolution of the cold fluid, the hotter objects may cause saturation. As a result, with dynamic range expansion, multiple integration times can be selected that span the entire scene dynamic range.